Matumba a zinyalala zachipatala ndi matumba omwe amakhala ndi zinyalala mwachindunji kapena mwanjira ina, poizoni kapena zinyalala zowopsa zomwe zimapangidwa ndi zipatala panthawi yamankhwala, kupewa, chisamaliro chaumoyo ndi zina zokhudzana nazo. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi zinyalala zachipatala.
Ndiye pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa matumba a zinyalala zachipatala ndi matumba a zinyalala wamba?
1. Mtundu:Matumba a zinyalala zachipatala nthawi zambiri amakhala achikasu, ndipo ofiira amapezekanso; matumba a zinyalala zapakhomo nthawi zambiri amakhala akuda, ndipo mitundu ya buluu, yobiriwira, yofiira, yofiirira, ndi ina imapezekanso.
2. Cholinga:Matumba a zinyalala azachipatala nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito mzipatala, zipatala, malo okongoletsera, ma pharmacies, komanso popewera komanso kuyesa kuyezetsa miliri; matumba a zinyalala zapakhomo amagwiritsidwa ntchito posankha, kutolera, ndi kusamutsa zinyalala zapakhomo tsiku ndi tsiku.
3. Zizindikiro:Matumba a zinyalala zachipatala amasindikizidwa ndi zizindikiro zapadera za zinyalala zachipatala. Matumba otaya zinyalala nthawi zambiri safuna zizindikiro zosindikizidwa, ndipo zikwama zina zapakhomo zimakhala ndi mitundu-zizindikiro zosankhira.
4. Ubwino:Matumba a zinyalala zachipatala nthawi zambiri amapangidwa kuchokera ku zinthu zatsopano ndipo amapatsidwa mankhwala okhuthala komanso olimba panthawi yopanga kuti apewe kuphulika ndi kutayikira panthawi yoyendetsa. Matumba otaya zinyalala nthawi zambiri amakhala otsika poyerekeza ndi zinyalala zachipatala.
5. Mtengo:Chifukwa cha zinthu zomwe zili mu mfundo 4, matumba a zinyalala zachipatala ndi okwera pang'ono kuposa matumba a zinyalala apanyumba.
6. Mitundu ya Zikwama:Matumba a zinyalala zachipatala amapezeka makamaka m'matumba afulati ndi m'matumba a ma vest-, ndipo zikwama zafulati zimakhala zofala kwambiri. Zosungiramo zinyalala zapakhomo pano zili ndi zikwama zafulati, ma vest-matumba a masitayelo, zikwama zotayira, ndi matumba owonjezera.
Kugwiritsa Ntchito Zikwama Zachipatala:
1. Zoyikapo zapadera ndi zotengera za zinyalala zachipatala ziyenera kukhala ndi zizindikiro zoonekeratu ndi malangizo ochenjeza.
2. Malo osungirako kwakanthawi ndi zida za zinyalala zachipatala sizidzasunga zinyalala zachipatala panja; nthawi yosungirako zosakhalitsa za zinyalala zachipatala zisapitirire 2 masiku.
3. Malo osungira kwakanthawi ndi zida za zinyalala zachipatala ziyenera kukhala kutali ndi malo azachipatala, malo opangira chakudya, malo ochitirako anthu ogwira ntchito, ndi malo osungira zinyalala zapakhomo, ndipo ziyenera kukhala ndi zizindikiro zodziwikiratu zochenjeza ndi njira zodzitetezera monga kuletsa-kudontha, kuletsa{2}}makhoswe, kuletsa{3}}udzudzu,{4}}ntchentche, kuletsa{6}kuletsa{5}} kukhudzana kwa ana.
4. Zinyalala-zowopsa kwambiri zachipatala monga za chikhalidwe media, zitsanzo, tizilombo ta bakiteriya, ndi madzi osunga poizoni okhala ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ziyenera kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda{2}}pamalopo tisanaperekedwe kumalo otayirako zinyalala zachipatala pakati kuti zikatayidwe.
5. Malo osungira kwakanthawi ndi zida zotayira zachipatala ziyenera kutsukidwa ndikusamutsidwa pafupipafupi.
6. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito matumba a zinyalala zachipatala okhala ndi zinyalala zachipatala, sankhani zoyenera zofananira ndi zinyalala zachipatala.
